Invisibility cloaking or cloaking devices refer to a piece of garment or a device that can render a human being utterly invisible to the naked eye. Although invisibility cloaks seem like a concept of science fiction, they are now a reality. These cloaks can now be built by employing carefully
What is an Antenna? In order to understand metamaterial antenna, we first need to understand “what is an antenna?” An antenna is a device that radiates the signals in the form of electromagnetic (EM) energy in space. The traditional antennas are smaller in dimensions in comparison to their operational wavelength
What is geothermal energy? Geothermal energy (GTE) is the energy present on Earth’s crust due to the heat energy inside the Earth. The terms “Geo” and “thermal” mean Earth and heat respectively, making geothermal meaning “heat from Earth” as a whole. The geothermal energy is renewable energy since this energy
What is a solar tracker? A solar tracker is a device that aligns the solar energy harvesting devices perpendicularly to the sun. These solar energy harvesting devices can be anything that extracts solar energy, but we will only discuss the solar panels and how solar tracker systems work for them.
What is a solar tree? A solar tree is a vertical structure (usually a pillar), made to support solar panels to collect solar energy and deliver electrical energy. The arrangement of solar panels on this pillar resembles the leaves of trees, and that is why this type of structure is
The Gauss’s law is the extension of Faraday’s experiment as described in the previous section. Gauss’s Law Gauss provided a mathematical description of Faraday’s experiment of electric flux, which stated that electric flux passing through a closed surface is equal to the charge enclosed within that surface. A +Q coulombs
The streamlines from charges in the previous topic of “Coulomb’s law and electric field intensity” are actually not physically present or visually observable, but when these streamlines are drawn, they become a helpful tool to represent the presence of something. The term of electric flux also shows what the streamlines
Now that we have established the basics of vector analysis , it is time to start our journey on Electromagnetic (EM) field theory. We start at first with Coulomb’s law and then move on to the other important laws before deriving Maxwell’s equations. What is Coulomb’s law? Coulomb’s law was
Vector Analysis Studying electromagnetic field theory needs the know-how of vector analysis and that is why it is discussed here. Vector analysis is a branch of mathematics that is used to solve vectors. Scalar and Vector Quantities A vector is a quantity that is described with both quantity and direction,
Calculations of water pumping system design A water pumping system pumps the groundwater to the surface for its usage. The pumping system requires two major components, mentioned below. A water pump that has a motor in it for pumping purposes, and A power source to run the water pump. When